Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o Die Castings a me Die Forgings:
1. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o nā Die Castings a me Die Forgings (Liquid Forgings):
⑴ ʻO kekahi mau hui waena ma Kina, me nā mea hana ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana piha, e hana i nā kauoha ʻāpana a laila e ʻimi i nā mea hana hale e hana iā lākou. No ka mea, ʻokoʻa nā kaʻina hana no kēia mau ʻano blanks ʻelua, ʻokoʻa hoʻi kā lākou mau kumukūʻai mākeke o kēia manawa; ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka hope ma mua o ka mua. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻano blanks ʻelua, ʻo ka haʻi ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa o nā die castings i ka wā e ʻae ai i ka ʻoihana e alakaʻi i nā hewa ʻoihana, e pili ana i ka loaʻa kālā a i ʻole nā poho.
⑵ ʻO nā mea hana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka forging. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻae i ka ʻoihana me ka manaʻo ʻana he mea hoʻolei make ka hope a hiki ke hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe kuʻuna. Ma hope o ka wehe ʻia ʻana o ka mold die casting, loaʻa pinepine nā blanks i hana ʻia e ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā shrinkage cavities, porosity, a i ʻole nā hemahema o ka ʻili, ka hopena i nā blanks kūpono ʻole a me nā poho pono ʻole.
2. Ka pilina ma waena o Die Casting & Forging, Liquid Forging, and Continuous Casting & Forging Processes:
ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka hoʻomau ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻopau mau ʻana i ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i loko o ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻokahi o nā mold ma kahi mīkini hoʻokahi. ʻAʻole hana hou ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka forging; he moʻolelo lōʻihi kona mau loina. ʻO ka hana maʻamau a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka hana forging ʻo ia ke kaʻina hana forging wai. ʻO ka die casting & forging, ma ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike, he kaʻina hana ia e hoʻohana ana i nā mea hana kūikawā i hana ʻia e hana i nā forgings wai me nā hale paʻakikī e like me nā hoʻoheheʻe make maʻamau. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano o nā die casting a me nā die casting maʻamau. ʻO ke kaʻina hana me ka maikaʻi like me nā blanks i hana ʻia e ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ʻo ia ke kaʻina "cast-a laila-forge". He mea maʻamau ke kaʻina hana hoʻolei -a laila-: ʻelua pūʻulu o ka poni, hoʻokahi no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka metala maʻamau, a ʻo kekahi no ka hoʻopololei pololei ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini paʻi a i ʻole ka mīkini hydraulic.
3. Introduction to Die Casting and Forging Process:
ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana he hana ia i hana ʻia ma ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe a me ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūikawā. ʻO kāna hana maʻamau e hoʻolei ʻia ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻopiha ʻia i loko o ka lua polū ma ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā ʻili o ka ʻūhā, a hoʻohana ʻia ke kaomi i ka wā e maʻalili ai ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, e hana ana i ka hakahaka. Hoʻopau kēia kaʻina hana i nā lua shrinkage a me nā pōʻino porosity i ka blank a loaʻa i kahi ʻano palaoa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻano mīkini holoʻokoʻa o ka blank. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā blanks i hana ʻia e kēia kaʻina hana i ka pau ʻana o ka papa 7 (Ra1.6), e like me nā ʻili i hana ʻia e ka extrusion anu a i ʻole ka mīkini, e hōʻike ana i kahi luster metala. No laila, kapa mākou i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hana ʻana he "kaʻina hana palena," he holomua hou aʻe ma mua o "nā kaʻina hana ʻoki ʻole, haʻahaʻa-kaʻina hana margin." ʻO kekahi pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma waho aʻe o ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kuʻuna, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻāpana e hana i nā ʻāpana me nā hale paʻakikī. Aia i loko o kēia mau māka ala: nā alumini alumini paʻa, -paʻa alumini paʻa, a me nā alumini alumini paʻa, e like me LY11, LY12, 6061, 6063, LYC, LD, etc. ka ikaika a me ke kū'ē i ka hopena.
4. Nā ala e hoʻokaʻawale ai i waena o kēia mau ʻano blanks ʻelua.
Mai ka hiʻohiʻona wale nō, paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā blanks i hana ʻia e kēia mau kaʻina hana ʻelua. Inā ʻike mākou i kahi ʻāpana i hoʻopau ʻia, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻike. No laila, hiki iā mākou ke kālailai a hoʻoholo wale mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe: ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo nā ʻāpana make -ʻano maʻamau "nā ʻāpana hana," aʻo nā ʻāpana hoʻoheheʻe make he "mau ʻāpana hana." He mau huaʻōlelo pili nā "ʻāpana hana" a me "nā ʻāpana hana". ʻO ka mea hope loa e pili ana i nā ʻāpana pono e kū i ka hopena, ka wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kaomi, ka ikaika (ikaika), a koi i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili (e like me ka anodizing) a me ka mālama wela (hoʻoikaika i ka hopena). ʻO nā huahana maʻamau, ʻo ia nā poloka ʻenekini, nā huila, nā piston, nā lāʻau hoʻohui, nā kāmaʻa wāwae, a me nā kino valve pneumatic a hydraulic paha (e like me nā ʻekolu- kūlana ʻelima{8}}ʻaoʻao maʻamau). Aia nā mea mua e like me nā papa puka kaʻa, nā panela mea kani, a me nā uhi mīkini. ʻO ka lua, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia mai ka haku mele ʻana. Hana ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe make me nā alloys hoʻolei; Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā māka ʻē aʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe make a me nā kaʻina hana forging. ʻO ke kolu, hiki ke hoʻokolokolo ʻia mai nā koi lapaʻau ʻili o ka blank. No ka laʻana, loaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe alumini ka silika, a ʻo nā blanks i hana ʻia e ke kaʻina hoʻoheheʻe make he micropores ma ko lākou ʻili waho. Ma hope o ka anodizing, e loaʻa i kēia mea nā "ʻeleʻele" ma ka ʻili. No laila, inā makemake ka blank i ka anodizing, ʻaʻole ia e hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hoʻolei make maʻamau. ʻO ka hā, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia mai ke ʻano metala. Hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe make a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe make ma ka metallography. ʻO ka mua he dendritic like-cast structure, aʻo ka hope he ʻano like ʻole, ʻāpana ʻāpana like me-cast structure.
5. Hoʻopau i kekahi mau manaʻo kuhihewa:
(1) ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke manaʻoʻiʻo e hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka infiltration vacuum ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā lua shrinkage a me nā pōʻino porosity i nā hoʻoheheʻe make, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke manaʻoʻiʻo hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana hana e koi ai i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomau. Ke holomua ka ʻenehana ʻoihana, pono mākou e ʻae i kahi ʻano ʻepekema e hoʻomau i ka manawa i ko mākou mau manaʻo a me kā mākou noʻonoʻo.
(2) Loaʻa ʻia nā hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me nā hoʻoheheʻe make maʻamau i nā lua shrinkage a me nā hemahema porosity. He wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻūhā ma ke kōkua ʻana me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana maʻamau; ʻAʻole pono loa ia e kūʻē i nā lua shrinkage a me ka porosity ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pae (kahi ʻo ka loko o loko, ʻaʻohe kinoea). ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka hewa maʻamau i hana ʻia e ka poʻe ʻoihana, ʻoiai ʻike lākou ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe make maʻamau, koho lākou i kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia "reverse punch indirect and partial extrusion." Manaʻo hewa lākou e loaʻa ana kēia kaʻina hana i ka hopena like me ka forging wai, he hewa loa ia. ʻO ke kumu o ka "reverse punch extrusion" he hana hoʻolei make! ʻO ka "paʻi ʻana me kahi kuʻi i mua e uhi ana i ka wahi i manaʻo ʻia" ʻo ia ke kaʻina hana hana wai maoli.
6. Ka hopena:
He hana ko'iko'i loa ka ho'oka'awale 'ana ma waena o ka ho'ohehe'e 'ana ma'amau a me ka ho'ohehe'e 'ana i ka make -casting. ʻOiai ʻaʻole paʻakikī nā ʻano hana, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mea e pili ana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo.
